Images of Blood in Faulkners Light in August Essays -- Faulkner Light

Images of Blood in Faulkners Light in August Blood is considered by human beingsy to be one of the most important ties between human beings it is therefore frequently used as an image that defines a char modus operandier or a relationship between characters in a novel. For example, a prince might be defined by his royal blood, or a weak man described as having thin blood. Close friends may be blood brothers, or families may have a blood feud. In William Faulkners Light in August, the image of blood permeates the themes of sexuality, race, and religion. Blood is common to all of these themes it is evident in reproductive cycles and births, it is a medium for the genetic passage of race from one contemporaries to the next, and it serves as a symbol of life or death in many religions. Faulkner centers these powerful images of blood around Joe Christmas, the main character, whose blood, as a cast giving him the will to live, is strong despite his sins. Christm as associates physical blood with his impressions of women, defines races and genders by the smell of their blood, and is guilty and damned because of the darkness in his black blood. Christmass view of the piece and of issues Faulkner intimately relates to him, in particular sexuality, race, and religion, is tinted by the images of blood revolving around him. Blood is one of the most important elements in Christmass view of sexuality. He has a wrestle perception of women and his sexual role due to his traumatic first exposure to sexuality at the age of five, in which he perceived the sex act as violent and disgusting. Christmas overheard a sexual ... ...ng him lifeless both physically and spiritually, though his influence lasts beyond his years. Christmass mixed blood and mixed ethnicity provide imaging for the themes of race and religion his conception of himself and the world is strongly impacted by his confusion over these two issues. His ideals are fur ther affected by the connections he draws between blood and sexuality he views blood as an inherent part of femininity, and he sees sex as a violent struggle for dominance. Whether it is a definition of race, a definition of sin or godliness, or a definition of the essence of females, the image of blood influences Christmass perception of the world around him. deeds Cited Faulkner, William. Light in August. 1932. Notes Joseph Blotner, Editors note Noel Polk. New York Vintage Books, 1990

Creative Story: The Chronic Swamp Murders :: essays research papers

Creative Story The Chronic Swamp Murders wizard day while Joe and Jill balancer were walking through Chronic swamp theycame across a trail of blood in the water. They followed the trail until itstopped at a dead remains. The body was of a human being who was wearing a camouflageoutfit. They immediately ran dressing to their put forward, which was not far from themurder site and c aloneed the police. Their house was located right on the edge ofthe swamp.When the police got there they roped off the whole area so they couldstart their investigation. At first it looked as if it was by all odds a murder,but later on a few days of investigation the police concluded that the man wasprobably a hunter who had either locomote out of a direct or notwithstanding tripped and brokenhis neck. A broken neck was definitely what killed the man. The only problemwith this hypothesis was that it left a few unanswered questions. If the manwas a hunter where did his gun or bow go? How often did you find a dead hunterjust lying in the centerfield of a swamp? Even with these questions police told theHemps that it was an accident and they were in no danger.The Hemps life went on with no interruptions until about 2 weeksafter the hunter was found. other body had been found in the swamp. Thistime the body was a male whom had a business suit on. The police came corroborate andinvestigated this death. After about a week they concluded again that it was abroken neck that had killed the victim. There were no signs of a struggle sothe investigators say that it was some type of junky accident. They also toldthe Hemps to stay out of the swamp.The Hemps never went back into the swamp again, but one night they wereawakened by a loud pounding noise on the front door. When Mr. Hemp got up tosee what it was, all he saw was something large running into the swamp. He and somade sure that all the doors were locked and he got his shotgun out of thecloset. He waited in his dark living r oom for about an hour and then went backto his bed. He didnt tell his wife what had happened so she wouldnt be scaredThe next day when Joe was coming home from work he noticed the door was broad(a) open. When he got closer he noticed that the door frame was broken and theCreative Story The Chronic Swamp Murders essays research papers Creative Story The Chronic Swamp MurdersOne day while Joe and Jill Hemp were walking through Chronic swamp theycame across a trail of blood in the water. They followed the trail until itstopped at a dead body. The body was of a man who was wearing a camouflageoutfit. They immediately ran back to their house, which was not far from themurder site and called the police. Their house was located right on the edge ofthe swamp.When the police got there they roped off the whole area so they couldstart their investigation. At first it looked as if it was definitely a murder,but after a few days of investigation the police concluded that the man wasprobably a hunter who had either fallen out of a tree or just tripped and brokenhis neck. A broken neck was definitely what killed the man. The only problemwith this hypothesis was that it left a few unanswered questions. If the manwas a hunter where did his gun or bow go? How often did you find a dead hunterjust lying in the middle of a swamp? Even with these questions police told theHemps that it was an accident and they were in no danger.The Hemps life went on with no interruptions until about two weeksafter the hunter was found. Another body had been found in the swamp. Thistime the body was a male whom had a business suit on. The police came back andinvestigated this death. After about a week they concluded again that it was abroken neck that had killed the victim. There were no signs of a struggle sothe investigators said that it was some type of freak accident. They also toldthe Hemps to stay out of the swamp.The Hemps never went back into the swamp again, but one night they wereawake ned by a loud pounding noise on the front door. When Mr. Hemp got up tosee what it was, all he saw was something large running into the swamp. He thenmade sure that all the doors were locked and he got his shotgun out of thecloset. He waited in his dark living room for about an hour and then went backto his bed. He didnt tell his wife what had happened so she wouldnt be scaredThe next day when Joe was coming home from work he noticed the door waswide open. When he got closer he noticed that the door frame was broken and the

Life Without N Sync - A Satirical Essay :: essays research papers

Life without N synchronize A soon-to-be reality, or a teenaged girls worst nightmargon?I would hate to even suggest that we might soon exist in a world without NSync. Their songs inspire us, as well as organism very morally sound. Their creative and innovative fashions and tunes gives us the much needed variety that keeps us interested nearly the next aptly-titled CD they put out. They are great role models for every aspiring teen dream, and give teenaged boys something to aspire to. NSync is a positive contributor to our society. NSyncs writers soak up written some very memorable songs in the past, including Digital Getdown and Thats When Ill Stop Loving You. These songs are make full with inspiring lyrics such as, Dont wanna be the reason for your love no more and Baby, baby get nasty, nasty and we can get eccentric deaky. These lyrics teach the 8 year old fans just what girls are erect for, and make them feel loved and respected at the same time they didactics them some inte resting vocabulary that they can use in everyday life. I like the consistency of the song titles, because consistency is very important. A larger portion of their titles include the word you, or me, which definitely showcases their creativeness. The fact that they let talented musicians do the instrumental sections proves that they care about how their music sounds. NSyncs songs are a positive influence on todays youth. Its a definite relief to know that Justin Timberlake is having a good hair day, and that Chris Kirkpatrick had a good photo shoot. I am glad to know that their latest CD has gone multi-platinum and they have made lots of money, because their ecstasy is very important to me. One can never get tired of their adorable puppy-dog faces and their cute plays on words that have been carefully scripted. Their intelligence, ingenuity and creativity has led me to believe that they are very positive role models for their fans, and they are who every teenaged boy should strive to be. The things I like most about NSync are the fact that they went from having no talent and no money to having no talent and lots of money. Its good that magazine publishers have made entire series of magazines all about them. I enjoy reading the countless articles and interviews about them, because I say The more, the better Without NSync, many teenaged girls wouldnt have music to listen to, or any pictures to put on their walls.

Essay examples --

Ability Grouping and Tracking in SchoolsFamous American author Mark orthodontic braces once said, I have never let directing interfere with my education (The Quotations Page). School is sometimes a difficult place to grow. Teachers cant be expected to give an individualized lesson to thirty students at once. This task increases in difficulty when not all of the students are behaving or when the students are at different levels of learning. Some schools, however, are attempting to make learning easier on both students and teachers. The methods of tracking and baron grouping are revolutionizing the way teachers teach and students learn.Tracking and ability grouping are two separate practices, but they share many similarities. Ability grouping is used most commonly in elementary schools, slice tracking is used in high schools. Both practices involve grouping students by their abilities in schools. The main difference between the practices is tracking is between classes, sequence ability grouping is within individual classes. Tracking, in other words, is different for every subject. Ability grouping is grouping within an individual class (Loveless). The main arguments against tracking and ability grouping deal with the lower-level students. Critics argue that ability grouping can create a self-fulfilling prophecy for lower class and minority students, who race to be placed in the lower-achieving classes or groups (Thompson). Also, some argue that the lower-level classes may not receive the same quality of instruction as higher-level classes, increasing the transaction gap (Sosnowski). To help shrink the achievement gap, teachers will often reshuffle groups when using the ability grouping method. Sometimes, teachers will give t... ...my entire high school career. Ability grouping and tracking are practices that could greatly benefit every school system and every individual student. Lower-level students would no longer feel pressured to learn at an uncomfortable pace. They would have the opportunity to receive additional instruction on concepts that they struggle with. Higher-level students would have opportunities to learn at an accelerated rate, and they would have a chance to explore concepts in much greater depth. These students wouldnt feel like they are constantly waiting for the other students to catch up with them. American journalist Sydney J. Harris said, The whole purpose of education is to turn mirrors into windows (Sydney J. Harris Quote). Tracking and ability grouping can help transform our generation of mirrors into windows that can change the world with our knowledge.

Reality Television Essay -- TV Television Reality Show Essays

Reality Television In todays society, Reality Television plays an important position in peoples everyday lives. The macrocosm telecasting curriculums of today argon popular because of the variety of film conventions (eg. audio, visual and symbolic codes) and the values and attitudes used to construct the viewer?s response. Two good examples of reality television programs are The Apprentice and Queer Eye for the Straight goofball.In the episode of The Apprentice, The Price is Height, wealthiness is promoted through the values and attitudes of todays society to construct the viewers response. This program promotes that wealth is acquired through success, and success comes with long-term hard work. Wealth is promoted throughout the episode in various forms. These include having the episode produced in the very boffo big-business city of New York, USA, where much of what happens affects what happens throughout the US and around the world, the Trump World reign, Trump Plaza Hotel, and Mar-a-Lago resort located in Palm Beach, Florida. If different audiences viewed the episode of The Apprentice, each audience would interpret the values and attitudes of wealth differently. If a mature audience viewed the episode, they would interpret wealth as greed. If a younger audience viewed the episode, they would interpret wealth as a desire and an ambition to achieve. The suggested target audience for this episode would be young adults, as the values and attitudes of wealth, would liked to be gained by those who are beginning in the business field.In an episode of Queer Eye of the Straight Guy, ?Never too late to celebrate?, wealth is achieved through a person?s area of expertise, where the person is most likely to succeed highly in it. Wealth has been promoted throughout the episode in different ways. This includes the pricey suits and clothing from designer brands such as ?Prada? and ?Levis? and the episode was produced in New York City, USA. If different audiences we re to view the episode, each would interpret the values and attitudes of wealth, in different ways. If an one-time(a) mature audience were to view the episode, they would interpret wealth as a wonderful thing, as five gay men, are using their time, money and areas of expertise to makeover a straight (non-gay) person. If a younger audience were to view the episode, they would interpret wealth as a good... ...f The Apprentice, the footage is collated to make the female contestants appear as cozy objects by focusing on their legs, tight clothing, cleavage and body movements and projects the males as being more capable and successful in business. So even if the ? photographic camera never lies?, the use of camera angles, particular shots and the way the footage is edited can play a huge part in influencing what the viewer thinks. It is all close to ?how? it is shown to the viewers. The reality television shows of The Apprentice and Queer Eye for the Straight Guy are popular due to t he values and attitudes promoted through wealth and through the enter conventions of audio, visual and symbolic codes. However, the impact on audiences depends on how they are presented. Promotion of one form of success and wealth included ?Trump World Tower?, expensive suits from ?Prada? and ?Hugo Boss?, ?Mar-a-Lago? luxury resort, etc. by The Apprentice and another form of success and wealth presented by Queer Eye for the Straight Guy was improvement of appearance, enrichment of personal life and lifestyle and the two reality television episodes were produced in New York City, the hub of business culture and trade.

Reality Television Essay -- TV Television Reality Show Essays

Reality Television In todays society, Reality Television plays an important position in peoples everyday lives. The reality goggle box programs of today atomic number 18 popular beca character of the variety of film conventions (eg. audio, visual and symbolic codes) and the values and attitudes used to construct the viewer?s response. Two good examples of reality television programs are The Apprentice and Queer Eye for the Straight Guy.In the episode of The Apprentice, The Price is Height, wealth is promoted by the values and attitudes of todays society to construct the viewers response. This program promotes that wealth is acquired through success, and success comes with long-term hard work. Wealth is promoted throughout the episode in various forms. These include having the episode produced in the very successful big-business city of brand-new York, USA, where much of what happens affects what happens throughout the US and around the world, the Trump World Tower, Trump Plaza Hotel, and Mar-a-Lago resort located in Palm Beach, Florida. If different auditions viewed the episode of The Apprentice, each audience would give the values and attitudes of wealth differently. If a mature audience viewed the episode, they would interpret wealth as greed. If a younger audience viewed the episode, they would interpret wealth as a desire and an ambition to achieve. The suggested target audience for this episode would be young adults, as the values and attitudes of wealth, would liked to be gained by those who are beginning in the business field.In an episode of Queer Eye of the Straight Guy, ?Never too late to celebrate?, wealth is achieved through a person?s area of expertise, where the person is most likely to succeed highly in it. Wealth has been promoted throughout the episode in different ways. This includes the expensive suits and clothing from precedent brands such as ?Prada? and ?Levis? and the episode was produced in New York City, USA. If different audie nces were to view the episode, each would interpret the values and attitudes of wealth, in different ways. If an older mature audience were to view the episode, they would interpret wealth as a wonderful thing, as five gay men, are using their time, money and areas of expertise to makeover a square(p) (non-gay) person. If a younger audience were to view the episode, they would interpret wealth as a good... ...f The Apprentice, the footage is collated to make the female contestants appear as sexual objects by snap on their legs, tight clothing, cleavage and body movements and projects the males as being more capable and successful in business. So even if the ?camera never lies?, the use of camera angles, particular shots and the way the footage is edited can play a huge part in influencing what the viewer thinks. It is all about ?how? it is shown to the viewers. The reality television shows of The Apprentice and Queer Eye for the Straight Guy are popular due to the values and atti tudes promoted through wealth and through the filming conventions of audio, visual and symbolic codes. However, the impact on audiences depends on how they are presented. Promotion of one form of success and wealth included ?Trump World Tower?, expensive suits from ?Prada? and ?Hugo honcho?, ?Mar-a-Lago? luxury resort, etc. by The Apprentice and another form of success and wealth presented by Queer Eye for the Straight Guy was improvement of appearance, enrichment of face-to-face life and lifestyle and the two reality television episodes were produced in New York City, the hub of business culture and trade.

Beauty and Other Deep Superficial Desires

In our affluent society, we preserve be said to establish everything our work is non backbreaking. In fact, working conditions are good, and many of us strive to do good work. Technology has advanced so far that we are living womb-to-tomb and better lives. We yield come to address many social ills, such as poverty and social forms of oppression, like racism. But to a greater extent than ever, we the Statesns checkerm more and more unhappy and unsatisfied.What accounts for the disparity between the relative comfort and affluence of our lives, and the inversely proportional pleasure we take in living our lives?In his raise The Progress of Paradox, Greg Easterbrook argues that a general discontent and alienation in our culture today come to us because our lives are filled with choices (a glut of choices) but have little meat. Easterbrook seems to adopt a view of human beings as naturally pessimistic (if left to their own devices), and urges Americans to be more optimistic and to return to want more transcendent experiences that are currently offered by the cornucopia of sex and violence that passes for American culture.Easterbrook is a self-avowed Christian, so talk of pursuing transcendence is inscribe for religious faith, but may be forgiven this given the work that he puts into making his arguments through evidence. Just because, as he puts it, millions of Americans can afford to extend a lot of money on vanity induced plastic surgery, such as the navel touch-up (Easterbrook, 402) does not mean that this is how our resources should or could best be spent.We should instead turn out considerable resources and wealth to trying to make a difference in the world of the less advantaged peoples of the world this might be worth while and more fulfilling than the choices we seem to be making instead. Where Easterbrook interprets the rise of elective plastic surgery as a superficial and meaningless activity, a signal of our devolution into decadence, Naomi Wo lf, on the other hand, sees the beauty industrys practices as full of meaning.For a woman who considers getting plastic surgery, the question is not a superficial or vacuous one. She writes The beauty myth is always actually prescribing behavior and not appearance (Wolf, 489). Beauty is never skin latterly that is, one reason why a woman might want to be beautiful is because her exterior appearance is taken to be a sign of her worth and of her interior personhood. A beautiful woman is thought to be a good woman, one who is disciplined and whose life is in proportion.This is evidenced in work that is done with women (and increasingly more and more men) who suffer from eating disorders. These individuals report that, for then, their eating disorders are about control, about showing the world that they have great discipline and are inherently good, disciplined, and virtuous in the particularly American protestant work ethic (See Bordo below, whom I interpret for another class).Where Easterbrook fails to see underneath the surface of the plastic surgery craze, Naomi wolf shows us that it is behaviors that are the aim, not simply appearance. The gendered analysis is important because we can begin to question why it is womens preoccupation with image that is taken as the chief example of frivolous vacuity, when surely mens investment is the pornography industry can be read as a much more morally objectionable practice.In any case, all of these practices can be taken together and read as signs, as symbols by which culture communicates a code of acceptability to its members. According to popular semiotics professor and cultural critic Jack Solomon America is a nation of fantasizers, often preferring the sign to the substance and easily enthralled by a veritable Fantasy Island of commercial illusions (Solomon, 413). What Solomon describes is an America closer to that imagined by Easterbrook, but minus the normativity.That is, Solomon sees meaning in every little sign or symbol in culture. Either all is surface play of meaning without depth, or all these signs point to a depth beyond the immediately apparent. According to this viewpoint, the problem of our culture is not that we have lost touch with any(prenominal) transcendent being (read God), but that we prefer not to be on communion with anything grander than a pair of Ferragamo shoes or a Ferrari car. We love our location symbols and our wealth, and the dazzling display satisfies us, if only for a short while.We are a nation of dreamers and we will believe in this dream of prosperity for as capacious as we possibly can. Bibliography Bordo, Susan. (2004) Reading the slender body. Unbearable Weight. Berkeley and Los Angeles University of California Press. Easterbrook, Greg. (2003) The Progress Paradox. New York Random House. Solomon, Jack. (1990) The Sign Of Our Times. New York HarperCollins. Wolf, Naomi. (2002) The Beauty Myth. New York Harper Perennial.

Smart Card

A pert broadside is a specific type of plastic circuit board generally do of polyvinyl chloride based on polyesters or polycarbonate. It is the size of opinion batting order. There is a 3by 5 mm imbedded break up in the mental capacity. Smart card contains either entrepot card or microprocessor that holds data and in human bodyation. The microprocessor card endure add, delete, and manipulate breeding on the card, while a memory-chip card (for example, pre-paid ph matchless card) weed only vouch a pre-defined operation.Smart card, unlike magnetised stripe card game, can carry all necessary functions and information on the card. Therefore, they do non require access to distant databases at the time of the accomplishment. A typical reinvigoratedcard consists of an 8-bit microprocessor running at approximately 5 MHz with ROM, EEPROM and RAM, together with serial input and rig, all in a single chip that is mounted on a plastic carrier. The operating schema is typicall y stored in ROM, the CPU roles RAM as its working memory, and close to of the data is stored in EEPROM. Fig-1 shows smart card. HistoryIn 1968 and 1969 German electrical engineers Helmut and Jurgen jointly developed automated chip card. Then after in 1974 French craftsman Roland Moreno gives memory card concept called smart card. An important patent for smart tease with a microprocessor and memory as utilise today was filed by Jurgen Dethloff in 1976 and granted as USP 4105156 in 1978. The first mass use of the cards was as a visit card for recompensement in French consecrate phones starting in 1983. Carte Bleue After the Telecarte microchips were integrated into all French Carte Bleue debit cards in 1992.Customers inserted the card into the merchants POS terminal, then typed the PIN, before the transaction was accepted. Only very limited transactions (such as paying small gamyway tolls) are processed without a PIN. Smart-card-based electronic purse systems store notes on the card so that readers do not need network connectivity and entered service throughout Europe in the mid-1990s. The major boom in smart card use came in the 1990s, with the introduction of smart-card-based SIMs used in GSM mobile phone equipment in Europe.With the ubiquity of mobile phones in Europe, smart cards cast become very common. Development of contactless systems Contactless smart cards that do not require physical contact between card and reader are seemly increasingly popular for payment and ticketing applications such as mass transit and motorway tolls. Visa and MasterCard bemuse agreed to an easy-to-implement version that was deployed in 20042006 in the USA. roughly contactless fare collection implementations are custom and incompatible, though the MIFARE Standard card .Smart cards are also being introduced in personal identification at national and international levels. Citizen cards, drivers licenses, and patient card schemes are appearing. A smart card is a plas tic card somewhat the size of a credit card, with an enter microchip that can be loaded with data, used for reverberate calling, electronic cash payments, and other applications, and then periodically refreshed for additional use. soon or soon, you may be able to use a smart card to Dial a connection on a mobile telephone and be charged on a per-call basis* Establish your identity when logging on to an Internet access provider or to an online bank * make for parking at parking meters or to get on subways, trains, or buses * Give hospitals or doctors personal data without filling out a form * Make small purchases at electronic stores on the vane (a kind of cybercash) * Buy gasoline at a gasoline station Over a billion smart cards are already in use. Currently, Europe is the region where they are most used. Ovum, a research firm, predicts that 2. billion smart cards will be shipped annually by 2003. Another study forecasts a $26. 5 billion market for recharging smart cards by 20 05. Compaq and Hewlett-Packard are reportedly working on keyboards that include smart card s push-down stores that can be read like bank credit cards. The hardware for making the cards and the devices that can read them is presently made principally by Bull, Gemplus, and Schlumberger. How Smart Cards Work A smart card contains more information than a magnetic stripe card and it can be programmed for different applications.Some cards can contain programming and data to support quadruplex applications and some can be updated to add new applications after they are issued. Smart cards can be designed to be inserted into a slot and read by a special reader.. An industry standard port wine between programming and PC hardware in a smart card has been defined by the PC Working Group, representing Microsoft, IBM and other interested companies. Like smart cards with contacts, contactless cards do not have an internal power source.Instead, they use an inductor to dumbfound some of the inci dent radio-frequency interrogation signal, rectify it, and use it to power the cards electronics. Hybrids A hybrid smart card which clearly shows the antenna connected to the main chip Dual-interface cards implement contactless and contact interfaces on a single card with some shared warehousing and processing. An example is Portos multi-application transport card, called Andante, which uses a chip with twain contact and contactless interfaces . Applications First introduced in Europe nearly three decades ago, smart cards debuted as a stored appreciate tool for payphones to reduce theft.As smart cards and other chip-based cards advanced, people found new ways to use them, including charge cards for credit purchases and for record keeping in cast of paper. In the U. S. , consumers have been using chip cards for everything from visiting libraries to buying groceries to attending movies, firmly integrating them into our everyday lives. Several U. S. states have chip card programs i n progress for government applications ranging from the Department of Motor Vehicles to Electronic Benefit Transfers (EBTs).Many industries have implemented the power of smart cards in their products, such as the GSM digital cellular phones as well as TV-satellite decoders. Why Smart Cards Smart cards improve the convenience and hostage of any transaction. They provide tamper-proof storage of user and account identity. Smart card systems have proven to be more reliable than other machine-readable cards, like magnetic stripe and barcode, with many studies demo card read life and reader life improvements demonstrating much lower cost of system maintenance. Smart cards also provide vital components of system security or the exchange of data throughout virtually any type of network.They protect against a full range of security threats, from careless storage of user passwords to sophisticated system hacks. The costs to manage password resets for an organization or enterprise are very high, thus making smart cards a cost-effective solution in these environments. Multifunction cards can also be used to manage network system access and store value and other data. Worldwide, people are now using smart cards for a wide variety of daily tasks, which include FinancialSmart cards serve as credit or ATM cards, fuel cards, mobile phone SIMs, authorization cards for pay television, household utility pre-payment cards, high-security identification and access-control cards, and customary transport and public phone payment cards. Non-EMV cards work like magnetic stripe cards. This is a typical USA card technology (PayPass Magstripe and VISA MSD). The cards do not hold/maintain the account balance. All payment passes without a PIN, usually in off-line mode. The security of such a transaction is no greater than with a magnetic stripe card transaction.EMV cards have contact and contactless interfaces. They work as a normal EMV card via contact interface. Via contactless interfa ce they work somewhat differently in that the card command sequence adopts contactless features such as low power and short transaction time. Identification A quickly growing application is in digital identification. In this application, the cards authenticate identity. The most common example employs public key infrastructure (PKI). The card stores an encrypted digital certificate issued from the PKI provider along with other relevant information.Contactless smart cards that can be read from within a wallet or even a garment simplify authentication however, there is concern over criminals accessing data from these cards. Cryptographic smart cards are often used for single sign-on. Most advanced smart cards include specialized cryptographic hardware that uses algorithms such as RSA and DSA. Todays cryptographic smart cards drive key pairs on board, to avoid the risk from having more than one copy of the key (since by design there usually isnt a way to cite private keys from a smar tThe first smart card rivers license system in the world was implemented in 1987 in Turkey. Turkey had a high level of road accidents and decided to develop and use digital tachograph devices on heavy vehicles, instead of the existing mechanical ones, to reduce speed violations. Since 1987, the professional drivers licenses in Turkey are issued as smart cards and the driver is required to insert his drivers license into the digital tachograph before starting to drive. The tachograph unit records speed violations for individually driver and gives a printed report. The driving hours for each driver is also being monitored and reported.In 1990 the European Union conducted a feasibility study through BEVAC Consulting Engineers, titled feasibleness study with respect to a European electronic drivers license (based on a smart-card) on behalf of Directorate General VII. In this study, chapter seven is dedicated to the experience in Turkey, stating that the electronic drivers license appli cation, in the form of smart cards, was first implemented in Turkey in 1987. open transit Smart cards and integrated ticketing have become widely used by public transit operators around the world. Card users may use their cards for other purposes than for transit, such as small purchases.Computer security The Mozilla Firefox web browser can use smart cards to store certificates for use in secure web browsing. Some disk encoding systems, such as TrueCrypt and Microsoft Windows 7 BitLocker, can use smart cards to securely hold encryption keys, and also to add another layer of encryption to critical parts of the secured disk. Smart cards are also used for single sign-on to log on to computers. Smart card support functionality has been added to Windows Live passports. Schools Smart cards are being provided to students at schools and colleges. Tracking student attendance * As an electronic purse, to pay for items at canteens, vending machines etc. * Tracking and monitoring food choice s at the canteen, to help the student maintain a healthy diet* Tracking loans from the school library Healthcare Smart health cards can improve the security and privacy of patient information, provide a secure carrier for take-away medical records, reduce health care fraud, support new processes for portable medical records, provide secure access to urgency medical information, enable accordance with government initiatives (e. g. organ donation) and mandates, and provide the platform to implement other applications as needed by the health care organization. Advantages The benefits of smart cards are at present related to the volume of information and applications that are programmed for use on a card. A single contact/contactless smart card can be programmed with multiple banking credentials, medical entitlement, drivers license/public transport entitlement, subjection programs and club memberships to name just a few. Multi-factor and proximity authentication can and has been e mbedded into smart cards to increase the security of all services on the card.For example, a smart card can be programmed to only allow a contactless transaction if it is also within range of another device like a uniquely paired mobile phone. This can significantly increase the security of the smart card. Individuals gain increased security and convenience when using smart cards designed for interoperability between services. For example, consumers only need to replace one card if their wallet is lost or stolen. Additionally, the data storage available on a card could contain medical information that is critical in an emergency should the card holder allow access to this.The first main advantage of smart cards is their flexibility. There is no need, for example, to carry several cards one card can simultaneously be an ID, a credit card, a stored-value cash card, and a repository of personal information such as telephone numbers or medical history. Such a card can be easily replaced if lost, and, because a PIN number (or other form of security) mustiness be used to access information, is totally useless to people other than its legal bearer. At the first attempt to use it illegitimately, the card would be deactivated by the card reader itself. The second main advantage is security.Smart cards can be electronic key rings, giving the bearer ability to access information and physical places without need for online connections. They are encryption devices, so that the user can encrypt and decrypt information without relying on unknown, and therefore potentially untrustworthy, appliances such as ATMs. Smart cards are very flexible in providing authentication at different level of the bearer and the counterpart. Finally, with the information about the user that smart cards can provide to the other parties, they are useful devices for customizing products andservices.Other general benefits of smart cards are * Portability * Increasing data storage capacity * depen dableness that is virtually unaffected by electrical and magnetic fields. Smart Cards andElectroniccommerce Smart cards are turning out to be a heavy piece of the transformation of retailing into electronic commerce. The impressive growth of the Internet is making electronic shopping at least a real possibility, if not a habit, among computer users. However, the business model used in current electronic commerce applications still cannot enjoy the full potential of the electronic medium.Moreover, concerns about the reliability of an invisible counterpart and about the safety of the Internet for credit card information increase the wariness and thereby limit the use of the electronic shopping on the part of customers. Of the estimated 360 billion payments that took place in the United States in 1995, approximately 300 billion could not have taken place using the existing electronic media. Such transactions involved micro-payments p i. e. payments for less than $10 p which are virtu ally outside of the electronic sphere for lack of a payment method compatible with such low amounts.Credit cards or checks are simply too expensive to use for micro-payments, and the e-cash currently being experimented on the World Wide Web does not seem to have the characteristics to appeal to shoppers. For this reason, smart cards could be a fundamental structure block of widespread use of electronic commerce, since they are an instrument to pay at a low cost for transactions involving small amountsofmoney. Another braggy advantage of smart cards for electronic commerce is their use for the customization of services.It is already possible to purchase tailored services on the World Wide Web p MyYahoo and FireFly are well known examples. However, in order for the service supplier to deliver the customized service, the user has to provide each supplier with her visibleness p a boring and time consuming activity. A smart card can contain a non-encrypted profile of the bearer, so t hat the user can get customized services even without previous contacts with the supplier. Finally, smart cards are a key technology enabler for financial institutions.The processing power, the portability and the interactive properties of smart cards will constitute the basis for a revolution in the relationship between consumers and banks. PC-based home banking and phone banking will give way to card banking a phone equipped with a smart card reader will be all that is needed for any kind of transaction. A smart card is a plastic card with a small, built in microcomputer chip and integrated circuit that can store and process a lot of data. It is considered to be a secure, time saving device that can access information without use of a PC or the Internet.However, smart cards have both Flexibility * Smart cards have a lot of flexibility. They can store multiple types of information including identification, credit cards, business and family contacts. Cost and handiness * Smart card readers are expensive to produce. These readers are not available in all locations and may have compatibility issues due to the differences of each smart card brand. Adafruit Raspberry Pi Starter Kit Now available in India ProtoCentral Security * Smart cards are individually encrypted and can only be accessed by pin number.However, there is concern about privacy and whether or not information on the card could be accessed or used illegally by the government or other third-party sources. Data Integrity * Information on a smart card cannot be erased or removed circumstantially by any electrical or magnetic means. Smart Card Uses * Smart cards are useful for setting limits on expenses, customizing customer loyalty programs and accessing critical health care information. Smart cards save users from having to remember multiple usernames and passwords. DisadvantagesThe plastic card in which the chip is embedded is fairly flexible, and the astronomical the chip, the higher the probabil ity that normal use could damage it. Cards are often carried in wallets or pockets, a harsh environment for a chip. However, for large banking systems, failure-management costs can be more than offset by fraud reduction. Client-side identification and authentication cards are the most secure way for e. g. , mesh banking applications, but security is never 100% sure. If the account holders computer hosts malware, the security model may be broken.Malware can override the communication (both input via keyboard and output via application screen) between the user and the application. Rabobank (random reader) in the Netherlands combine a smart card with an unconnected card reader to avoid this problem. The customer enters a challenge received from the banks website, a PIN and the transaction amount into the reader, The reader returns an 8-digit signature. This signature is manually entered into the personal computer and verified by the bank, preventing malware from ever-changing the tran saction amount. Another problem is the lack of standards for functionality and security.

Coldest Winter Ever Summary

Set in the projects of Brooklyn, New York, The Coldest spend Ever is the story of winter Santiaga (aptly named because she was born during one of New Yorks worst snowstorms), the rebellious, pampered teenage daughter of a notorious drug dealer. Ricky Santiaga, Winters father, has attained substantial wealth through his illegal drug empire and lavishes his wife, Winter, and Winters three jr. sisters, Porsche, Lexus, and Mercedes, with the best things money can (and cannot) buy. unexplored to her father, Winter uses her hustling tricks to get whatever she wants.Winters world is turned upside down on her 16th birthday, when her father suddenly decides to relocate his family and his growing business to dogged Island, but she is determined not to sever ties with the old neighborhood. Her life spirals downward when her acquire is shot in the face by foes of her father. Shortly afterward, the FBI arrives at the Santiaga residence hall while Winter is at a party, seizes the familys poss essions, and sends the drug lord to prison. At this juncture, Winters sisters are placed in child custody, rather than in their unemployed mothers custody.Winter escapes by pretending to not be her parents daughter. Winter stays with a man just for his money for a while, but when his girlfriend comes back, Winter goes to be with an aunt. While with the Aunt, Winters location is revealed, and she is turned over to the Bureau of Child Welfare. Winters location was probably divulged by Natalie, a former friend of Winters, who suspected that Winter was severe to date her boyfriend. While visiting her father in jail, she finds out that he had an infant son and was cheating on her mother, which tears her apart. Also, her father murdered individual while in jail.After being taken out of her aunts station, Winter starts living at the House of Success, a group home for teenage girls. Her new surroundings do not stop her from hustling she makes money by selling clothes and cigarettes to h er housemates, and she does their hair. Winter obtains the goods she sells from her friend Simone, who is a booster who steals antecedent clothes for her. Winter continues making money this way until Simone is arrested. Winter does not bail out now-pregnant Simone, but Simone gets out another way. Upon her release, Simone gathers some friends to wait so that they can beat upWinter. Winter escapes the beating by running and never returns. Then Simone falls and has a mis machineriage. Rashida, one of Winters House of Success housemates, thinks that Winter needs help and persuades her to go to a friends house. Winter doesnt know that the friend is Sister Souljah, whom Winter boldly stated she never liked in the books introduction. downstairs Souljahs tutelage, Winter volunteers at a benefit for people with HIV/ help, but Winter still does whatever she can to get money. Winter steals money from the AIDS benefit and rushes home to pack.Suspicious of Winter leaving, Lauren, Souljahs sis ter, switches the bag into which Winter has put her prized belongings. Winter takes a cab to a New Jersey hotel, and realizes that she has no money, no jewels, and no protection. Winter hooks up with an old boyfriend named Bullet, who has money. She finds out that she is pregnant with the baby of a man who tricked her into believing he was hip-hop MC GS. Months later, Winters world crashes again when she is attacked in a car by Simone. A crowd gathers to watch the fight, and Winter loses focus when she sees Bullet cause the crowd to deal out by waving a gun in the air.Once Winter looks away, Simone slashes her across the face with a broken bottle. Winter is led back to the car by Bullet and, shortly afterward, the police arrive. Bullet leaves Winter, who gets a mandatory 15-year prison sentence for transporting drugs in his rental car. Soon, her old friends Natalie and Simone join her in prison, and her younger sister eventually becomes just like her. The ending surprises after her father was jailed, Winter talked about being let out of prison to attend her mothers funeral.

The Significance of the Three Scaffold Scenes in the Scarlet Letter

The scaffold played an important percentage in identifying the characters of the Scarlet Letter passim the novel. At each scene, the lector comes to understand something of the main characters and glimpses how that transgression represented by the scarlet A has affected them. Hester Prynne, clutching both the living and the imposed () of her sin to her breast, is seen atop the scaffold, sternly looked on by all, but without her buffer.She stood there in quiet defiance, refusing to reveal to the multitude before her who the father of her child was, and in this the reader sees a picture of a woman scorned and fearing for the life of herself and her child, but bearing the scrutiny of all with a calm defiance. Nearby, stood Arthur Dimmesdale, asking his secret lover to reveal the name of the father of that child. He did not, at that time, have the strength or the will to do so himself, and was begging Hester to reveal him for what he was.Among the crowd, Roger Chillingworth, Hesters wronged husband, adds his voice to the multitude in demanding that Hester reveal her secret. He seems an old, disappointed man, finding that the one he had waited three years to join had, during that time, left him for another. Thereafter, he would jollify to avenge himself of the man that had partnered in wronging him. Late one night, Dimmesdale could have been seen on the scaffold, looking for some peace from the guilt tormenting his mind.His penance, however, lacked an audience. Here, the reader sees a nearly gruesome man, too weak to reveal himself for what he really was, but too pious to otherwise ignore it. Hester and Pearl discover him there and join him, acknowledging the stick by between the three before none other than themselves. Hester comes to realize the poor state in which Dimmesdale has borne his guilt, and resolves to lend him her strength, which has served to uphold her throughout the years of her public shame.Pearl questions the parson as to whether he would stand with them there noon the next day, but he refuses. Chillingworth discovers the trio atop the scaffold, and any suspicions he harbored of the identity of Pearls father is all but confirmed. Finally, again atop the scaffold, Hester again stands before the scrutiny of the town of Boston, but this time with her fellow sinner. Dimmesdale confesses before all his part in Hesters sin in a final show of strength. There, the minister dies, along with Hesters dreams of throwing of her public shame.Before his death, however, Pearl acknowledges him as her father with a final kiss and gains her humanity in the sight of the townspeople. His prey having escaped him and lacking another purpose for which to live, Chillingworth shrivels and dies, a mere shell of the man he once was. In each of those scenes revolving around the scaffold, Nathaniel Hawthorne revealed to the reader the state and mentality of the main characters, along with the effects of guilt, bitter revenge, and an attempt at hu man penitence rather than repentance.

The Ka and Molar Mass of a Monoprotic Weak Acid

The Ka and Molar big bucks of a Monoprotic Weak Acid chemical science Lab 152 Professor James Giles November 7, 2012 Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to determine the pKa, Ka, and molar mass of an unknown acid (14). The pKa was found to be 3. 88, the Ka was found to be 1. 318 x 10 -4, and the molar mass was found to be 171. 9 g/mol. Introduction Acids differ considerable as to their strength. The difference between weak and strong acids can be as much as 10 orders of magnitude.Strong acids dissociate more completely than weak acids, meaning they produce higher concentrations of the conflate base anion (A-) and the hydronium cation (H30+) in solution. HA(aq) + H20 (( A- + H3O+ With the following formula the degree to which an acid dissociates (Ka) can be calculated and given a numerical value. Ka = A-H3O+ / HA Ka is the conventional way of metre an acids strength. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the Ka of an unknown acid, along with its pKa and molar ma ss. Experimental The unknown acid for this experiment was 14.The experiment began with the preparation and calibration of NaOH solution. It was calculated that 2. 00 grams of NaOH pellets were needed to prepare 0. 5 L of 0. 1 M NaOH solution. The solution was then standardized by conducting three titration trials. It was calculated that 0. 7148 grams of KHP were necessary to dash off 35 mL of the 0. 1 M NaOH. Three samples of KHP were weighed approximating this number (Table 1). Each sample was mixed with 40 mL of deionized water and 2 drops of phenolphthalein in 3 Erlenmeyer flasks. Each flask was then titrated with the NaOH to a light pink endpoint.The volumes of NaOH were recorded, averaged, and the standardized. The molarity of the NaOH was found to be 0. 0981. Assuming a molar mass of 100 g/mol, it was calculated that 0. 3930 g of acid was needed to neutralize 40 mL of the standardized NaOH solution. This amount was weighed out on an electronic balance to full precision and added to a clean 250 mL beaker. The acid was first diluted with 10 mL of isopropanol and then 90 mL of water. A pH pulse was immersed in the acid solution and an initial pH reading of 2. 61 was recorded.A buret filled with the NaOH solution was incrementally added to the acid solution and the changing pH determine were recorded (Table 2). As the pH meter approached the equation point the amount of NaOH added each time was reduced. As the Table 2 shows, the pH rose significantly with the addition of little NaOH over this interval. This information was plotted using Graphical Analysis producing a titration curve graph of pH vs. NaOH (Graph 1). Additional calculations and graphs were produced to help determine the equivalence point ? pH/? V vs. NaOH (Graph 2) and Vtotal x 10-ph vs. NaOH (Graph 3) Tables and CalculationsPreparation of 500 mL of 0. 1 M NaOH M = moles / volume 0. 1 M NaOH = moles NaOH / 0. 5 L H20 = 0. 05 moles NaOH 0. 05 moles NaOH x 39. 986 g/mol NaOH = 1. 99 g NaO H Preparation of KHP 0. 1 M NaOH = moles NaOH / 0. 035 mL NaOH = . 0035 moles NaOH 0. 0035 moles KHP x 204. 233 g/mole KHP = 0. 7148 g KHP Table 1 NaOH Titration Trials Trial KHP NaOH (to titrate to endpoint) (grams) (mL) 1 0. 7159 35. 75 2 0. 7147 35. 65 3 0. 7149 35. Avg. 35. 66 Standardization of NaOH 0. 0035 moles NaOH / . 03566 mL NaOH = 0. 0981 M NaOH Table 2 pH vs. NaOH value NaOH pH NaOH pH NaOH pH NaOH pH (mL) (mL) (mL) (mL) 0 2. 61 19. 2 4. 54 22. 15 6. 56 25. 4 9. 74 2 2. 94 19. 4 4. 58 22. 2 6. 2 25. 9 9. 82 4 3. 18 19. 6 4. 61 22. 25 6. 87 26. 4 9. 96 5 3. 3 19. 8 4. 65 22. 3 6. 98 26. 9 10. 02 6 3. 4 20 4. 68 22. 35 7. 06 27. 4 10. 11 7 3. 49 20. 2 4. 72 22. 4 7. 14 28. 4 10. 21 8 3. 58 20. 4 4. 77 22. 5 7. 24 29. 4 10. 1 9 3. 66 20. 6 4. 84 22. 6 7. 44 31. 4 10. 46 10 3. 73 20. 8 4. 88 22. 7 7. 58 33. 4 10. 58 11 3. 88 21 4. 94 22. 8 7. 73 35. 4 10. 67 12 3. 91 21. 2 5. 02 22. 9 7. 89 36. 4 10. 75 13 3. 97 21. 4 5. 11 23 8. 03 39. 4 10. 87 14 4. 04 21. 5. 25 23. 1 8. 17 42. 4 10. 96 15 4. 11 21. 7 5. 32 23. 2 8. 38 44. 4 11. 02 16 4. 19 21. 8 5. 45 23. 3 8. 51 16. 5 4. 24 21. 85 5. 52 23. 4 8. 65 17 4. 29 21. 9 5. 62 23. 6 8. 92 17. 5 4. 34 21. 95 5. 71 23. 8 9. 9 18 4. 4 22 5. 86 24. 1 9. 27 18. 5 4. 45 22. 05 6. 1 24. 4 9. 39 19 4. 52 22. 1 6. 4 24. 9 9. 62 Graph 1 pH vs. NaOH Titration Curve pic Estimated volume of NaOH at equivalence point based on titration curve 22. 30 mL NaOH. Table 3 ? pH/? V vs. NaOH Values NaOH ? pH/? V NaOH ? pH/? V NaOH ? pH/?V NaOH ? pH/? V (mL) (mL) (mL) (mL) 2 0. 12 19. 2 0. 2 22. 1 3. 2 24. 4 0. 46 4 0. 12 19. 4 0. 15 22. 15 3. 2 24. 9 0. 24 5 0. 1 19. 6 0. 2 22. 2 3 25. 4 0. 16 6 0. 09 19. 8 0. 15 22. 25 2. 2 25. 9 0. 28 7 0. 9 20 0. 2 22. 3 1. 6 26. 4 0. 12 8 0. 08 20. 2 0. 2 22. 35 1. 6 26. 9 0. 18 9 0. 07 20. 4 0. 35 22. 4 1 27. 4 0. 1 10 0. 15 20. 6 0. 2 22. 5 2 28. 4 0. 1 11 0. 03 20. 8 0. 3 22. 6 1. 4 29. 4 0. 075 12 0. 06 21 0. 22. 7 1. 5 3 1. 4 0. 06 13 0. 07 21. 2 0. 45 22. 8 1. 6 33. 4 0. 045 14 0. 07 21. 4 0. 7 22. 9 0. 1 35. 4 0. 08 15 0. 08 21. 6 0. 7 23 1. 4 36. 4 0. 04 16 0. 1 21. 7 1. 3 23. 1 2. 1 39. 4 0. 03 16. 5 0. 1 21. 8 1. 4 23. 2 1. 42. 4 0. 03 17 0. 1 21. 85 2 23. 3 1. 4 17. 5 0. 12 21. 9 1. 8 23. 4 1. 35 18 0. 1 21. 95 3 23. 6 0. 85 18. 5 0. 14 22 4. 8 23. 8 0. 3 19 0. 1 22. 05 6 24. 1 0. 4 Graph 2 ? pH/? V vs. NaOH pic Estimated volume of NaOH at equivalence point based on ? pH/? V vs. NaOH graph 22. 30 mL NaOH. Table 4 Vtotal x 10-ph vs. NaOH Values NaOH Vtotal x 10-ph NaOH Vtotal x 10-ph (mL) (mL) 19. 8 0. 000443 21. 6 0. 000121 20 0. 000417 21. 7 0. 000104 20. 2 0. 000385 21. 8 7. 70E-05 20. 4 0. 000346 21. 85 6. 60E-05 20. 6 0. 000298 21. 9 5. 0E-05 20. 8 0. 000274 21. 95 4. 30E-05 21 0. 000241 22 3. 00E-05 21. 2 0. 000202 22. 05 1. 80E-05 21. 4 0. 000166 Graph 3 Vtotal x 10-ph vs. NaOH pic Estimated volume NaOH at equivalence point based on Vtotal x 10-ph vs. N aOH graph 22. 20 mL NaOH Calculating Ka of foreigner Acid pH at ? equivalence point volume 3. 88 Ka = 10 -3. 88 = 1. 318 x 10 -4 Ka = 1. 318 x 10-4 Calculating the Molar Mass of the Unknown Acid 0. 0981 M NaOH = moles acid / . 02330 L NaOH = 0. 023 moles acid 0. 3930 g acid / 0. 0023 moles acid = 171. 9 g/mol Analysis of Error at that place is a high degree of agreement among the 3 graphs and therefore a low degree of error in this experiment. According to the Graphical Analysis program, Graphs 1 and 2 indicated that the total volume of NaOH at the equivalence point was 22. 30 mL. Graph 3 indicated a volume of 22. 20 mL, a difference of 0. 1 mL. Discussion Based upon the range of possible values for Ka, anywhere from 3. 2 x 109 for Hydroiodic acid (one of the strongest) to 5. 8 x 10-10 for Boric acid (one of the weakest), this experiments unknown acid solution (Ka = 1. 18 x 10-4) falls roughly in the lower quarter of strength. This estimate fits its titration curve. In general, st rong acids quickly go from a very low pH to a very high pH, e. g. , 2 to 12, while weak acids quickly go from a lower pH to a higher pH, e. g. , 6 to 10. The unknown solution for this experiment jump from 5 to 10 pH, which is consistent with a Ka of 1. 318 x 10-4 and a weaker acid. References Darrell D. Ebbing and Steven D Gammon, General Chemistry, 9th ed. Cengage Learning Ohio, 2009. Department of Physical ScienceChemistry, Mesa Community College. The Ka and Molar Mass of a Monoprotic Weak Acid (handout).

Making corporate boards more effective

Krishna Pale, Guan Submarines and Walter Salmon. Synopsis Presented by Brent Lengthener, chair and chief executive officer of Lengthener & Associates, mature Member of TAP Oil & Gas and Merit. Participants Board members from various organizations. Half of the group was made up of international representatives with a strong contingent from Africa, Australia, the I-J and different destinations. This proved to be very(prenominal) interesting in that their insights were from a different perspective throughout.Preface This is Part 2 of my notes and subsequent research performed from the week I dog-tired with Jay Lowers and a handful of Harvard Business School faculty members discussing mature effectiveness. I am trying to share this information to the best of my abilities so that others can take a crap additional insights for the companies they lead. Note, these are my notes but I do not necessarily agree with all of the comments and/or insights shared. Also note that these profes sors are all pro- pipeline and serve on boards as well.In Part 1, we ended with Case Study 7-Bank of America and Merrill Lynch Case Study 8 Hewlett-Packard Company The War within This was a continuation of Case Studies 5 and 6. In September 2006, Haps Board of Directors was in despair. The acquisition of Compact (Case Study 5) had taken a toll. Board members were leaking mystical information and felony counts ensued. All of this marred what seemed to be a great turnaround for HP under Mark Hurt. Key Questions Included 1. How and why did HP ingest into this situation? 2. What could have been done to prevent this? 3. How do we prevent this from happening to our boards?Key Takeaways on Board Dysfunction Mistrust Poor Communication No true team too many lone rangers No consensus on strategy No boundaries between board oversight and management execution put personal agendas prototypic Independence. Integrity. Innovation. 2 Key Questions Included 1 . Was Cancan Justified in attackin g Target? 2. Who would you side with? Cancan or Target? Why? 3. Could Targets board have done anything differently to avoid the public conflict this created? 4. If Target can be attacked, then what are the implications for other boards, corporate governance, proxy addition and more regulatory oversight?Key takeaways Economic downturns create more stress, especially with investors. Rational thinking an quickly go out the door. Presently, think close to anyone operating in the Gulf of Mexico and how the stress has increased. Target is one retail outlet that does not fear Wall-Mart. They have their own strategy and are very successful. They have no desire to be a copycat. They are proud of who they are. The board is constantly revamping itself and is considered excellent in governance. Even with all it had going for it, they lifelessness came under attack. Everyone is vulnerable- especially today with the new changes.The nominating process will become much more important going forwa rd. Being prepared is ALWAYS key. special Discussions The day is coming when re-nominating boards will be very important. Investor Relations may want to aggressively share what board members are doing, press releases, website, etc, like they do with management. Companies should reach out to large and influential shareholders from time-time. Conference calls and shareholder meetings may need to be rethought so as to get more interaction. Make true the board you have works well as a team. When crisis hits, they need to see themselves as a team versus individuals. Case Study 1 1 FL-CIO Office of Investment and Home Depot On January 3, 2007, Home Depot fired Robert Narrated, its CEO and Chairman, following controversy over his compensation package. Marinades departure was partly the result of the centre efforts of the FL-Coos Office of Investment. The office had executed a website and led an aggressive campaign focused on his pay. Narrated made $240 million in 6 geezerhood, but th e stock had simply gone down even with a 19% buy back. Home Depots number one competition (Lows) was beating them at every turn, including watching its market cap go from $16 billion to $47 billion.Key Questions 1 . How can a company deal with a focused effort like this? 2. How did Marinades compensation impact Home Depot? Key Takeaways There can be a wide variety of different shareholder groups, all varying and all with different, and maybe opposing, agendas. It is important to think out compensation plans from beginning to end not only the costs, but the reasoning, the optics, and the story. Make sealed you proactively tell the true story regarding compensation versus letting whateverone else do it for you. Their perception can become other peoples reality.Error as much as possible with execution based compensation versus fixed remunerates. Keep plans understandable and simple. For more good information on excellent pay practices, go to Case Study 4 (in Part 1) about Recruit Be nchers PAL. Case Study 12 The Board of Directors at Morgan Stanley & Dean Witter On June 13, 2005, Phillip announced that he would retire as Chairman and CEO at Morgan Stanley & Dean Witter as soon as a successor was found. Morgan Stanley & Dean Witter had been performing poorly and was losing its key talent. His resignation raised twain main problems for the board 1 how to go about finding a new CEO and 2. How to determine the future direction of the firm. 6 Key Questions 1 . What is your assessment of how the board handled the situation? 2. How do you explain their decision? Terrible practices were in place and the company had become institutionalized Board became infatuated with a strong CEO personality or lost focus A possible successor being guaranteed the CEO role in five years is a terrible practice The board sacrificed the vision and mission of the company for friendship and interlocks Most did not understand the business, especially the huge difference between Morgan Stanl ey and Dean WitterTo remove the CEO, 75% of the board had to agree, which was virtually impossible The way they allowed the CEO to dictate any would-be successor cut them off from some great candidates Case Study 13 Citreous-Wichita-Wells Fargo On October 3, 2008, the CEO of Citreous, who had Just worked out an exclusive agreement to buy Wichita, received a call from Washouts CEO saying they had Just cut a new deal with Wells Fargo. Wells Farads maintain was $7/share versus the $1 Citreous had offered. The matchmaker was the IBID. They first worked the deal with Citreous but later reworked a new deal with Wells Fargo.Even more interesting was new legislation that was being approved to let a profitable bank buy another bank and use its Net Operating Loss immediately. This, at the time, really only worked for Wells Fargo and is one of the reasons it could offer more. 1 . If you were on Agitprops board and heard there was a new deal with Wells Fargo, what would you do? 2. If you were on Washouts board, how would you handle the two opportunities? 3. If you were Wells Fargo, after(prenominal) the favorable tax law change, what would you do? 4. Evaluate what the IBID did by, in essence, brokering to both. Www. Lengthener. M 7 5. Key takeaways Interestingly, we had one of Washouts negotiators in the room so he gave us some great insights Citreous was going to cherry-pick Washouts assets and Wells Fargo was going to buy all. Citreous was not a cultural fit so chances that this would have worked were slim at best. Plus, Citreous did not know retail like Wells Fargo. Wichita believes Wells Fargo has been a perfect fit. The IBID Chair, Sheila Pair, brokered the deal first with Citreous and then, during the due diligence period, was working on a ruin deal with Wells Fargo. From a legal perspective

General Banking Activities of Mercantile Bank Limited

paginate 1 of 53 1. 0. Introduction Now a day present gentleman especi on the wholey the Asian thinkries ar going finished with(predicate) an economic recession. though the Asian economic crisis began few geezerhood keister and it is virtu in all in allyhow tackled today but the 11 September incident aggravated the disorder in the economic infrastructure of our country. Our economy is much dependent on foreign aids. The World workmanship Centre incident cookd a negative impact on our economy as the foreign aids to Bangladesh watch been minify a lot. Therefore the government is trying to deal the economic crisis by generating revenue internally.In this aspect the importance of the fiscal sector, particularly bordering sector is emphasized. But the banking sector of our country is already overburdened with huge count of classified loans. Government tries to im grow the situation. Mer fecal mattertile depone confine was in corporated in Bangladesh as a Public Limited Comp both with limited liability under the brim Companies Act 1991on 20 May 1999 and commercial act on June 1999. The Bank went for universal print of sh atomic number 18s on in 2003 and its shares are numerateed with Dhaka Stock Exchange and Chittagong Stock Exchange. 1. 1. Origin of the ReportThis report has been ready as a indispensableness of the internship program establish upon the mercenary Bank where my organization supervisor is Anjon Azad, senior executive mappingr, Dhanmondi sleeve, Mercantile Bank Ltd. And my institution supervisor is Abdullah Mohammed Ibrahim Department of Business Administration, Union University, Bangladesh. My institute supervisor duly approved the topic decided for doing the report. Since the BBA program is an integrated, matter-of-fact and theoretical manner of learning, the students of the program are required to have practical exposure in any kind of business organization in last term of this course. paginate 2 of 53 1. 2. Backgroun d of the Report Business manhood is becoming actually much complex day by day. With go forth sufficient practical experience business become difficult and in some moorings impossible. The total demesne is moving because of Business relation. Business plays a actually strategic role in developing economy of a country. So, in the business world practical experience is regarded as a media through home we have an acquaintance with the real world.As a BBA program is integrated theoretical and practical method of teaching students of this program are required to have practical exposure in own different major discipline in the presiding years of their courses. I was authorized to prepare a report on General Banking Activities of Mercantile Bank Limited, for partial fulfillment of my course requirement. 1. 3. Objective of the Report This paper is prepared with a view to highlight my three months check banking experience through the analysis of products and go available at Mercantil e Bank. The objectives of this report are To smirch an overall idea about Mercantile Bank. ? Gather potential k this instantledge about general banking of MBL. ? To image available product and ser evils. ? To analysis the unique features of MBL. ? To tell the strength, weakness, chance and threats for MBL. ? To suggest subjectperinessway of improving the service quality that accommo get words a rapidly growing node volume. paginate 3 of 53 1. 4. Methodology of the involve Data slangion Source of in trunkation of this report can be divided into two categories Primary source The method of store primary data volition be to the highest degreely limited to formal and informal interviewing.I have planned to interview top take (in-charge of the division), mid level managers to gain insights of their ways of doing business. I understand that they are important and busy people. Therefore my interview schedule go away be subject to their availability. Secondary source As fo r collecting secondary information. I will review any and all related publication available to me such as Banks annual report, brochures and so on Moreover. I will also use the inter crystalize to visit bank? s global website and separate related web scalawags for any information related to my study. 1. 5. Scope of the reportI have worked as an internee in Mercantile Bank (Dhanmondi setoff), which is one of the most successful banks in our country. When I was there I worked in different sections of this Bank. These were note coal scuttle section, Collection & Clearing section, Cash section and keys section. The main scope of this study is the findings regarding MBL? s products & services availability & techniques. Many aspects of the operation & product diversification on with the production technology of MBL could be adopted by our planners to de mansion house our banking sector into a real effective one.This report may act like a guide in revealing some of the important aspects of MBL. paginate 4 of 53 1. 6. Limitation of the report ? Limitation of cartridge pallbearer was one of the most important factors that shortened the present study. Due to cadence limitation many aspects could not by discussed in the present study. ? Availability of critical information is crucial to my analysis. near of the information can be deemed too confidential by the direction, especially the ones regarding corporate strategies, information on matrix system or credit pull ahead method and strategies they follow to hold its competitiveness in the market.Hence, access to that information will be restricted, which may limit the scope of my analysis. As I had much dependencies on the primary sources , so there might be some level of inaccuracy with those collected information through adequate verification and crosschecking was used to play down the error level . knave 5 of 53 A bank is a financial institution that accepts doctors and channels those deposits i nto lending activities. Banks primarily provide financial services to customers while enriching investors. Government restrictions on financial activities by banks vary over time and location.Banks are important players in financial markets and offer services such as investing funds and loans. Banks borrow money by accepting funds deposited on genuine papers, by accepting term deposits, and by publication debt securities such as banknotes and bonds. Banks lend money by making advances to customers on current banknotes, by making installment loans, and by investing in marketable debt securities and other forms of money lending. Banks provide almost all recompense services, and a bank report is considered indispensable by most businesses, single(a)s and governments.Banks borrow most funds from households and non-financial businesses, and lend most funds to households and nonfinancial businesses. 2. 1 Background of Mercantile Bank Limited (MBL) Banking system occupies an import ant place in a nation? s economy. A banking institution is indispensable in a modern society. It plays pivotal role in the economic development of a country. Against the orbit of liberalization of economic policies in Bangladesh, Mercantile Bank is a well cognise Bank in our country and the one, believe in service to leaf node with efficiency?.Within a short period of its operation the bank has already gained a confidence in the minds of its clients. The success is primarily attributed to bold decisionmaking, efficient and genial services, economic use of resources and door of tender financial products and technologies . The continued endeavors of the Management and Staff of the Bank under prudent guidance and timely support of the visiting wit of Directors have substantially contributed to success of the Bank. Mercantile Bank Ltd. s committed to provide high quality services to its constituents through different financial products and economic utilization of fund and contr ibute to the growth of GDP of the country by financing trade and commerce, helping industrialization, boosting export, creating employment opportunities for the educated youth and encouraging micro-credit tether to poverty alleviation and improving the quality of life of the people and thereby contributing to the overall socio-economic development of the country. During this short span of time the MBL has been successful to position itself as a progressive and dynamic financial institution in the ountry. The MBL has been widely acclaimed by the business community, from small entrepreneurs to large traders and industrial conglomerates, including the top rated corporate borrowers for forwarding-looking business outlook and innovative financing pageboy 6 of 53 solutions. Thus within this very short period of time it has been able to bring in an image for itself and has earned significant report card in the country? s Banking Sector as a bank with vision 2. 2 Vision Would hire fine st corporate citizen 2. 3 Mission Will become most caring, focused for equitable growth based on diversified deployment of resources, and nevertheless would remain rosy and gainfully profitable bank. 2. 4 Objectives . Strategic Objectives To deliver the goods positive Economic Value Added (EVA) each year. To be market leader in product innovation. To be one of the top three financial institutions in Bangladesh in terms of cost efficiency. To be one of the top five financial institutions in Bangladesh in terms of market share in all significant market segments we serve. . Financial Objectives To achieve a return on shareholders? equity of 20% or much, on average.Core Values For customers ? Providing with caring services by being innovative in the development of new banking products and services. For Shareholders ? Maximizing wealth of the bank. For the employees ? Respecting worth and dignity of individual employees devoting their earnings for the progress of the bank. knave 7 of 53 2. 5 Mercantile Bank at a Glance Page 8 of 53 2. 6 Milestones in the development of the organization Page 9 of 53 2. 7 Management Structure of MBL The bank is proud to have exemplified the true concept as Banglar Bank?. The Bank launched several financial products and services since its inception.Among them Page 10 of 53 3. 0 Overview of Dhanmondi Branch, of MBL. Mercantile Bank Ltd. Dhanmondi Branch started its journey since 1999. It is the 2nd branch from the establishment. This branch is the second largest branch also. This branch is situated in Dhanmondi, Road depend 27, House name- Sima Blossoms, 1st floor. Recently this branch shifted to this new office expound for providing go bad services to the customers. This branch is an authorized dealer of foreign exchange trade. The branch In-Charge is an Executive Vice President (EVP). Dhanmondi Branch is situated in a prime location of Dhanmondi battleground.This is a busy and important area of Dhaka city. Mercantile Bank Dha nmondi Branch has a good reputation through the customers of Dhanmondi and some other nearest areas. The total number of business dealinghips and other deposits schemes are increasing day by day. Customers are very satisfied with the services of this branch. As a result this branch has become an icon branch of this area. Mercantile Bank Dhanmondi Branch is working for strengthence the economy of the country. 3. 1 Departments of Dhanmondi Branch Mercantile Bank Dhanmondi Branch has three main departments and it has some other sub departments also. A.General Banking Department i. circular source ii. Clearing iii. Cash iv. Card division etc. v. FDR B. computer address Department C. Foreign Exchange Department Page 11 of 53 3. 2 MBL Dhanmondi Branch Hierarchy paradigm MBL Dhanmondi Branch Hierarchy. At branch level all the decisions are taken by the branch manager. But finds and regulations are set at the Head Office. Branch manager has supreme indicant to terminal disbursement of the facility to the customer. subordinate vice president coordinates all the function of the branch as Manager- functioning. Executive Vice President (Branch) Manger (Branch)Manger )))))))))))Manager)Vice President (Manager) Operation Assistant Vice President First Assistant Vice President Principal Officer Senior Executive Officer Executive Officer probationary Officer Assistant Officer Page 12 of 53 Figure Depicts departments of the MBL MERCANTILE BANK LIMITED DHANMONDI BRANCH LIST OF EXECUTIVES & OFFICERS Total Number of Executives & Officers 47. SL. NO DESIGNATION NUMBER OF OFFICERS 01 Executive vice precedent(EVP) 01 02 Vice precedent (VP) 01 03 First vice precedent (FVP) 01 04 Assistant vice Precedent (AVP) 02 05 First assistant vice precedent (FAVP) 05 06 Principal officer (PO) 03 7 Senior executive officer (SEO) 05 08 Executive officer (EO) 07 09 Probationary officer (Prob. Off) 02 10 Officer (OFF) 08 11 Assistant officer (AO) 07 12 Trane assistant officer (TAO) 05 Pa ge 13 of 53 Dhanmondi Branch Sima Blossom House No. 390 (Old), 03 (New) Road No. 27 (Old), 16 (New) Dhanmondi R/A, Dhaka -1209 Phone 9130500, 9142691 Mobile 01755-500192 Fax 88-02-8126768 HOB Syed Ahmadul Karim, EVP 3. 3 Yearly profit effectance of Dhanmondi Branch ( BDT in million ) 2009 2010 2011 102. 91 123. 54 138. 89 Table 17 Profit of Dhanmondi branch Fig 10Profit of Dhanmondi branchInterpretation The figure shows that the profit of the Dhanmondi branch in year 2009 is 102. 91 which change magnitudes at a higher rate in 2010 is 123. 54 and we follow on graph 2011 is profit 138. 89 million. Page 14 of 53 4. 0 Internship duties and responsibilities As partial requirement of BBA Program I get attached Mercantile Bank Ltd (MBL). To complete my internship program and it? s really a great opportunity for me to acquire practical noesis and experiences from such a renowned bank. My internship period started at 1st March to 31 May 2012 in Bank ( Dhanmondi Branch).In this time it was very important for me where practical experience gathered. Those 3 months of Internship program I have learned about general banking and especially emphasis on loan & advances on MBL (Dhanmondi Branch) 4. 1 Nature of the job The 3 months of my internship program I was required to learn various types of banking tasks, which asgestural by the officers of different department. In this period I am working with all departments but in a major portion of time I spend in general banking departments . reply is the department in which the first interaction among the customer and the bank takes place.Since the first impression is the long lasting impression, the quality, customization and response time of this department is very important. Different types of activities are conducted here. My daily working hour started at 1000am as banking hour started and ends normally 600pm or more. My daily task was as follows ? Opening new calculates ? Issuing pay-order, ? Deliver atmospheric sta te card, ? Issuance & Activation of ATM card, ? Providing accommodate give-and-take 4. 2 Opening new studys The birth between the bank and its customer starts with opening an calculate. There are different types of reports considering different customer types and requirements.Savings account real account Short Term fix (STD) account furbish up Deposit Receipt (FDR) account The following formalities must be completed by the customer of MTBL. ? Application on the prescribed form. Page 15 of 53 ? Furnishing photograph. ? Introduction by an account holder ? Transaction profile form ? KYC form ? Putting specimen signatures in the specimen card. ? depute if necessary. After fulfilling the above formalities, SJIBL provides customers a pay in slip book and baulk book. 4. 3 Issuing pay-order Pay order is always account collectible.At first, the applicant fill up the form than pays the beat of a Pay Order. At the same time, PO is used to send money within the clearing area only. When it will be posted than write in Pay Order Block correctly. 4. 4 Deliver ATM card When guinea pigd a ATM card than inform the customer by phone call for receiving his/her ATM card with Pin no. 4. 5 Issuance & Activation of ATM card When an applicant applies for an ATM card then it must be issued to ATM department. After issuing card when will it receive then after(prenominal) 24 hours it will be active. 4. 6 Providing Deposit book A deposit slip is needed to deposit money in an account.The customer service department provides deposit slip to the customer. 4. 7 Analysis of Data used in the office A bank has different types of statements where I analyzed some of the documents like list of statements of general banking division Statement of General Banking Division These is one kind of statement, which must be produced from the general banking division on a regular reason such as daily position statement, statement of affaire, income tax on Page 16 of 53 profit, VAT on banking s ervice, VAT on LC etc. these statements are generally produced on daily, monthly, weekly basis 4. 8 Learning pointsDuring my 3 months internship program I have learned different kinds of things which are as follows 4. 9 New account opening system There are different types of accounts considering different customer types and requirements. Savings A/C, Current A/C, Fixed Deposit (FDR), STD A/C. Being ful modify the above requirements a new account is opened through the bundle Flora. An ID is created for the account holder (In case of Individual? s account or Organization? s), or one ID each for each of a joint account. oneness person/organization can have only one ID using which he/it can have several accounts.When created Customer ID then add amount of deposit, if it is current or livery then the introducer? s information also necessary. When giving all information properly then this record will be saved on software Flora and a account serial number will be given 4. 10 Issue of ne w check book Issues of check book have several steps. When a account is open then account holder receive a thanks letter. and then we verify his/her signature and issue a check book but its deferent criteria for a old account holder. He/she just give a requisition for a new check book if previous book is finished. . 11 ATM card I also learned about how to a ATM card issue and how to active. First I prepare ATM form then verified the signature. After verification I send it to IT department for issuance. After issue ATM card I just send a activation letter on IT department after 24 hours then it will be active. Page 17 of 53 4. 12 Pay order In a pay order first the form should be fill up where it issued, amount of money, the name of client. After that the vat and commission will included. When received gold then the pay order block prepared where in front of the page in block letter NOT OVER .TK ONLY was written. 4. 13 KYC form competition KYC stands for Know Your Customers. In tha t form the clients full information? s are given like earning source, which documents they submitted for their identification, amount of money deposited/withdraw in a month. 4. 14 Besides of these I have learned the following things ? During my internship in MTBL, I have learned how to maintain discipline. ? During my internship period, I found allbody follow strict timeout. Every employee enter the office at right time, or onwards the right time and also leave office at due time.Nobody can leave office at least 6. 30pm. Every works perform in time. ? I have learned how to achievele the customers in an efficient way and make a good relationship for office purpose. Page 18 of 53 5. 0 General Banking of mercantile Bank limited at Dhanmondi Branch General Banking is the heart of banking business. This is the primary and important department of a branch. Though it is a very complex process but the officers of Dhanmondi Branch? s are provides excellent service. For this the customers of this branch are very satisfied for operating their account in this branch.Activities of General Banking Department In Dhanmondi Branch General Banking consists ? Account Opening segment ? Deposit section ? Remittance particle Cash Section ? Clearing Section ? Accounts Section ? Check Book Issue Section ? Locker Section 5. 1 Account Opening Section Account opening is the furnishway for clients to enter into business with bank. It is the foundation if banker customer relationship. By open account bank collect deposit form individual. And deposit is the lifeblood of Banking Business. Various rule and regulation Page 19 of 53 are maintained for open an account.A customer can open different types of deposit account through this section. such as, 1. Demand Deposit Account a) Current Deposit Account (CD A/C) b) Savings Banks Account (SB A/C) 5. 1. 1 Current Deposit Account (CD A/C) temporary hookup opening Current Deposit (CD) account, Branch shall follow detail social occasions i ncluding KYC (Know Your Customer) as stated under General outgrowth for opening Bank Account Balance in Current Deposit Accounts is payable on demand and thus the A/C holder is allowed to deposit and withdraw any insolate of money from his / her/ their account any time within transaction hours.No interest is paying(a) in Current Deposit Account. Persons / Concerns Eligible for Opening Current Deposit Account (CD A/C) Current Deposit Account is competent for business transactions because of no restriction on withdrawal either in amount or frequency. Branch may open a Current Deposit Account in the name of o Individuals o Two or more persons jointly o Sole Proprietorship o Partnership Firms o Limited Companies (Both Public and Privet) o Societies / Clubs / Associations o Govt. / Semi Govt. Offices / Corporations o Others ? Introduction of Current Deposit AccountBank, for opening of new CD account may accept introduction from another(prenominal) CD / STD / SB account holder having prolonged relationship with the bank and track of satisfactory transactions. Introduction by a reputed person of the locality is also acceptable. ? initial and Minimum Deposit for Current Deposit Account Page 20 of 53 New Current Deposit Account is to be opened minimum deposit of BDT 5,000 in Urban Branch and BDT 2,000 in agricultural Branch, which will be treated as minimum sleep in respective account and balance should preferably be maintained always.Branch shall find Commitment Fees BDT 500 from CD A/C twice a year, provided it does not run below the minimum balance at any time for any reason whatsoever. a) Savings Bank Account (SB A/C) This account has been designed and developed for individual savers and as such it is not usually suitable for business concerns as there are restriction of withdrawal in both amount and frequency. Savings Account may be opened in the name of Individual Two or more individual (joint) who are not provides Clubs / Societies / Association / non-p rofit organization.Introduction Savings A/C may be introduced by a running CD / STD / SB Account holder, who have sufficient balance and satisfactory transaction in the accounts. Banks Officials may introduce SB Accounts mentioning their power of Attorney (PA) provided they know the person very well. The branch, while opening a savings A/C, shall follow derail procedure including KYC formalities embodied in the General Procedure for opening Bank Account 5. 1. 2 Initial Deposit For savings Bank account in Urban Areas is BDT 1,000 and in Rural Areas is BDT 500. InterestIn savings A/C shall be nonrecreational on daily product basis but no interest in savings account is payable for the month if balance in the account falls below BDT 10,000 on any day during the month. Besides above, interest shall not be paid in SB A/C for the particular month, when withdrawal in account is more then twice in a week or amount withdrawn in a single cheque exceeds 25% of balance of the account. 5. 1. 3 T ime Deposit Account a) Short Term Deposit (STD) b) Fixed Deposit Reset (FDR) c) Scheme Deposit Accounts Page 21 of 53 Double Benefit Deposit Scheme (DBDS) Family Maintenance Deposit (FMD) monthly Savings Scheme (MSS)Quarterly Benefit Deposit Scheme 1. 5 Times Benefit Deposit Scheme Advance Benefit Deposit Scheme (ABDS) N B Savings Banks Account (SB A/C) is also taking a time deposit account. a) Short term Deposit (STD) A/C STD A/C is middle in CD & SB A/C. By this, Account holder can make transaction in his / her wish as a current account but he or she gets some interest. The rate of interest is 5% per annual. This interest is paid on daily basis. Initial deposit for opening STD A/C is BDT 50,000. In STD A/C maintained average balance 1 lac. If it is not maintained in any month of the year then no interest is provide in this month of this year. ) Fixed Deposit Rate (FDR) Opening FDR A/C Bank opens FDR who is Bangladeshi Citizen. And the minimum amount is BDT 10,000. Bank provides a FDR form, Customer need to fill up this form properly. Than the in charge officer chick the form properly, main things is Date and Amount, Maturity Date, Interest Rate, Source of Fund, Customer Signature and one copy passport size photograph of both account holder and nominee etc. Interest rate Maturity Interest Rate 12 Month and Above 11. 50 % 6 Month 11. 50 % 3 Month 9. 50 % Page 22 of 53 Page 23 of 53 5. 2 Rules of Opening an AccountNow-a-days under the strict monitoring of Bangladesh Bank, there are several criteria that a client must fulfill as he/she/an organization wishes to open an account. The basic criteria are discussed below ? Account Opening puzzle out (AOF) duly filled & signed ? Signature cards properly signed ? Applicant introduced by an authorized person such as account holder or employee of MTBL or by a respectable person acceptable to the bank ? Two copies of passport sized photographs which are attested by the introducer ? surname of nominee written and photogr aph of the nominee(s) attested by the applicant Photocopy of passport (attested) or photocopy of National ID card or letter of introduction by the employer or certificate issued by chairman of Union Parishad or Ward commissioner ? TIN (if available) ? Customer transaction profile form properly filled in and signed. ? Apart from proof of identify branch must also obtain proof address to confirm if customers address is genuine. Although this verification partly do through Thanks Letter. ? KYC profile form (properly filled in, signed and approved) for high net worth customers falling under the following criteria ) New customers whose initial deposit is more than Tk. 50. 00 lac (initial means within one month of A/C opening) ii) Existing customers whose total AUM (Asset under Management) grow to more than Tk. 50 inadequacy for three consecutive months. 5. 2. 1 In The Name of Individual The client has to fill up an account opening form. Terms and conditions are printed on the suffer o f the form. The form contains the declaration clause, special instructions etc. two copies of passport size photograph duly attested by the introducer are affixed with the form. Page 24 of 53 5. 2. In Joint Name In this type, the formality is same as individual account, but in the special instruction clause, either or survivor? or former or survivor? clause is marked. 5. 2. 3 Proprietorship In addition the customer has to submit the valid Trade License and Tax Paying Identification Number (TIN) along with the activity. 5. 2. 4 Partnership In case of coalition account, the bank asks for, ? A copy of the partnership agreement (Partnership Deed) ? A letter signed by all the partners containing the following particulars. ? The name and addresses of all partners The nature of the firm? s business ? The name of the partner authorized to operate the account in the name of the firm, including the business office to draw, endorse and accepting the bills and mortgage and sell the propertie s belonging to the firm. 5. 2. 5 Limited Company On having the desire to open an account from a limited company, an MTBL Bank Officer asks for the following documents ? Registration security measure from the Registrar of Joint Stock of Companies ? Certificate of internalisation ? Certificate of Commencement of Business ? Memorandum of Association ? Articles of Association Copies of Annual Accounts ? Copies of the Board? s resolution, which contains a). The name of the persons who have been authorized to operate the bank account on behalf of the company. b). The name of the persons who are authorized to execute documents with the bank on company? s behalf. 5. 2. 6 Societies, Clubs and Associations In case of these sorts of accounts MTBL requires the following documents ? Registration Certificate under the Societies Registration Act, 1962 ? Copies of Memorandum, Articles of Association ? Resolution of the Managing Committee. Page 25 of 53 Power of Attorney to Borrow 5. 2. 7 Non-Gove rnment Organization (NGO) The account opening procedure is same but in exception is that the Registration Certificate from the Social Welfare Department of Government must be enclosed with the application. 5. 3 destruction Bank Account Customers may solicit the branch to close his or her account at any time. Again, the bank or the branch without such request may, by force, close the account of its customer on legitimate grounds procedure for closing accounts in such cases are as under A. ratiocination of bank account at customers requestOn receipt of customers written application for closing his or her account, authorized official shall (i) ascertain its genuineness through verification of signature on the letter of request (ii) obtain approval of head of branch or manager operation to this affect in collect are unused check leaf from the accountholder to destroy (iv) realize specify amount of closing charge and government duty and other dues from the account The branch, so far before closing any account shall up to date interest at prevailing rate in the account of the customer after find his or her charges with the bank or govt.B. Forced Closing of Bank Account Branch at its discretion can closed any account office customer if it is not operated as per banks norm. in such situation, it shall serve a written notice under signature of head of the branch and manager operation to the customer which request tio closed the account within stipulate time. If the customer does not turn up in the time the branch shall close the account and send him or her a payment order with balance amount of his or her account by registered mail under a covering letter signed by head of the branch. 5. 4 Payment Order (PO)A Pay Order, similar to a bankers cheque is also payable locally, the only oddment is that in case of a pay order, the bank is directive the payee bank to pay the amount mentioned on the pay order to the person/organization so mentioned or his order, i. e. an y other person/organization. Both pay orders and demand drafts are used by individuals to make transfer payments from one bank account to another. The main difference between the two Page 26 of 53 is that while a demand draft is a written order directing the payment to be made to a third party outside your city, a pay order is drawn for the third party within your city. . 4. 1 Issue of pay Order For issuing pay order branch shall receive from applicant i) Prescribed application form duly filled in and signed and (ii) required amount of cash /cheque. on receipt of above ,branch shall issue PO in the name of the person or organization specified in the application form amount of PO is to be written merely on middle top of pay order ship in block figure in addition to writing of the amount in words and figure in the lay provided for on the instrument Branch shall create the following entries while issuing pay order against cash or claque or both Debt cash or purchaser account with cla que ? Credit bills payable pay order issue ? Credit income account commission ? Credit vat on banking service 5. 5 Issue of Cheque Book While issue 1st cheque book to a new customer, branch shall use prescribe fresh printed cheque requesting from properly fill in and signed by the account holder or authorized name and signature. And make sure that no document or information is pending. While bank issuing a cheque book shall observe required formalities in three areas as under Area 1- (In cheque requisition slip or application) A.Verify signature and particular appearing on the application for requisition B. Put his or her initial makes to the signature of the account holder as a prove of verification C. Note down series number of new cheque book in the specific space Area 2- (In cheque book) A. Take out a new cheque book from running stock. B. Make sure that all leaf, including requisition slip inserted within the book are intact Page 27 of 53 C. Write down the title of account and account number on the cover page, requisition slip and account number on the cheque leaf D. Affix seal with name of the branch on each leaf of the cheque books.E. Put initial on given space at right hand top corner of each cheque leaf Area 3- (In cheque issue register) A. Enter name of the account holder, account number & series number of the particular cheque book in the specified space B. Put his or her initial in relevant column of requisition from to authenticate the entries After completion of all the above formalities authorized official of the branch shall submit the cheque book together with cheque requisition slip as well as the cheque issue register duly prepared and failed in to the head of the branch manager for further verification and authentication. . 6 Locker Facilities MBL locker service allows the customers to keep their valuable in a safe and secure place and access their at customer? s convenient times. These strong and heat resistant steel lockers lodged in re inforced concrete steel vault, round the clock security guards, sophisticated anti- burglary solicitude system provide maximum protection to the valuables of customers. The service charge is yearly Tk. 1500. Condition ? An application form must be filled up for gate locker. ? Applicant must have a saving Account. ? 2 copies of PP size photographs of the Applicant. 1 copy of PP size photographs of nominee. ? Yearly charge must be paid in advance. ? Security money is refundable at the time of closing. Page 28 of 53 5. 7 Cash & Computer Section The cash section of MBL deals with all types of negotiable instruments, cash and other instruments and treated as a sensitive section of the bank. It includes the vault, which is used as the store of cash, instruments. If the cash stock goes beyond this limit, the intemperance cash is then transferred to Bangladesh Bank. Keys to the room are kept under control of cash officer and branch in charge.The amount of opening cash balance is entered i nto a register. After whole days transaction, the surplus money remains in the cash counter is put back in the vault and known as the closing balance. Money is received and paid in this section. Functions of this Section are ? Receiving cash ? Paying cash ? Issuing vouchers ? Making Proper entries in the ledgers 5. 7. 1 Cash Receipt ? At first the depositors fill up the Deposit in Slip. There are two types of deposit in slip in this branch. One for saving account and another for current account. ? After filling the required deposit in slip, depositor deposits the money. Officers at the cash counter receives the money, count it, enter the amount of money in the scroll register kept at the counter, seal the deposit in slip and sign on it with date. ? Then this slip is passed to another officer who enters the scroll number given by the cash counter in his/her register along with the amount of the money, sign the slip and keep the banks part of the slip. Other part is given to the depos itor. ? All deposits of saving account are maintained by one officer and other accounts by another officer. Page 29 of 53 5. 7. 2 Cash Payment First of the entire client comes to the counter with the check and give it to the officer in charge there. The officer checks whether there are two signatures on the back of the cheque and checks his balance in the computer. After that the officer will give it to the cash in charge. ? Then the cash in charge verifies the signature from the signature card and permits the officer in computer to debit the clients account by giving posting. A posted seal with teller number is given ? Then the cheque is given to the teller person and he after checking eitherthing asks the drawer to give another signature on the back of the cheque. If the signature matches with the one given previously then the teller will make payment keeping the paying cheque with him while writing the denomination on the back of the cheque. ? If the instrument is free of all ki nd of error the respected officer will ask the bearer to sign on the back of it. ? He will then put his/her initial beside the bearers signature. S/he will also sign it on its face, will write down the amount by red pen and will put on a scroll number from his/her scroll register. ? Then the cheque will be sent to the cash counter. At the cash counter bearer will be asked again to sign on the back of the instrument. The cash officer will then enter the scroll number in his/her register and will pay the money to the bearer. ? At the end of the day these scroll numbers of the registers will be compared to ensure the correctness of the entries. Page 30 of 53 5. 8 Clearing Section When a customer of Mercantile Bank Limited presents an instrument drawn on other bank for exhibition, the instrument is collected through clearing house of Bangladesh Bank. Mercantile Bank Limited, topical anesthetic Office takes part in the clearing function on behalf of fifteen branches of Mercantile Bank Limited functioning inside or outside of Dhaka city.The instruments are sent to those banks through clearing arrangement. Every day two houses are arranged one in the morning and another in the evening. The evening house is known as return house. Everyday instruments drawn on different banks are sent to the clearing section of Local Office from those fifteen branches. The function of the clearing department can be divided into two parts. ? Inward Clearing ? Outward Clearing 5. 9 Bills Section Customers of Mercantile Bank Limited, Local Office submit many instruments in the bills section for collection. Bills section plays a vital role in collecting these bills.The bills submitted for collection can be divided into two categories. 5. 10 FDR & BCD section These are deposits, which are made with the bank for a fixed period specified in advance. The bank needs not to maintain cash reserve against these deposits and therefore, bank gives high rate of interest on such deposits. A FDR is i ssued to the depositor acknowledging receipt of the tote up of money mentioned therein. It also contains the rate of interest and the date on which the deposit will fall due for payment. Page 31 of 53 5. 11 Procedure of Opening Fixed Deposit AccountBefore opening a Fixed Deposit Account a customer has to fill up an application form which contains the followings a) Amount in figures b) Beneficiarys name and address c) Period d) Rate of interest e) Date of issue f) Date of maturity g) How the account will be operated ( singly or jointly) h) Signature(s) i) F. D. R. no. j) Special instructions (if any) After fulfilling the above information and depositing the amount, FDR account is opened and a FDR receipt is issued and it is enter in the FDR Register which contains the following information a) FDR account no. b) FDR (Fixed Deposit Receipt) no. c) Name of the FDR holder with address ) Maturity period e) Maturity date f) Interest rate 5. 12 Payment of Interest In case of Fixed Deposit Account the bank does not have to maintain a cash reserve. So Mercantile Bank Limited offers a high interest rate in Fixed Deposit accounts. It is usually paid on maturity of the fixed deposit. NCCBL calculates interest at each maturity date and provision is made on that Miscellaneous creditor expenditure payable accounts is debited for the accrued interest. Page 32 of 53 5. 13 Interest Rate Rate of Interest varies depending on the period of maturity date. Duration Rate of Interest 3 months 9. 00-9. 25% 6 months 9. 5-9. 50% 12 months 9. 75-10. 50% 24 months 10. 25-11. 25% 36 months 10. 75-11. 50% Table 4 Interest Rate of MBL 5. 14 Renewal of FDR The FDR becomes automatically renewed for like periods and amounts, unless this are withdrawn by the depositor or, the bank notifies the depositor in writing at least 15 days in advance of the captain Or, any renewed maturity date (s) of its desire to terminate the account or change any term and condition of the account. Page 33 of 53 6. 1 Customer Satisfaction Level of MBL Dhanmondi Branch During the Internship I worked in general banking activities of Mercantile Bank Ltd.And learned about the process of opening bank account, and different types of process. When I worked in general banking desk I was also placed in customer relation desk. By working in customer relations desk I observed that there was pretermit of services they provide to customers. That? s why customers are not fully satisfied. So I developed a questionnaire to measure the service quality and customer pleasure of MBL. In this I have used primary data to analysis level of customer satisfaction on MBL. I collected data from survey through questionnaire 30 respondents participated in this survey.After collecting data I used SPSS software to get an output which reconciles the level of customer satisfaction of MBL Dhanmondi Branch. 6. 2 Mercantile Bank uses Modern Equipment. Figure no. 6. 1. 1 This figure shows that the neutral response of the cust omer is 14. On the other hand the agree respondent is 11 and disagree respondent is 5. Most of the clients render their sagaciousness neutral. So MBL Dhanmondi Branch should increase their technology based services for customers. Page 34 of 53 6. 3 MBL provides services which is not provided by other bank Figure no. 6. 1. 2In this above figure, most of the respondents represent their opinion neutral statement. So MBL should improve their service to satisfy customer needs and demands. Page 35 of 53 6. 4 MBL has friendly environment Figure no. 6. 1. 3 This figure shows that the neutral response of the customer is 10. On the other hand the agree respondent is 14 and disagree respondent is 4 and strongly agree respondent is 2. most of the respondents represent agree with this statement. So the customers are satisfied with the environment of Dhanmondi Branch of MBL. Page 36 of 53 6. 5 Customer of MBL feels secure transaction. Figure no. . 1. 4 In this above figure, most of the respond ents represent agreed with this statement. So the customer feels secure transaction with Dhanmondi branch. Page 37 of 53 6. 6 MBL provides prompt service to customer. Figure no. 6. 1. 5 This figure shows that the neutral response of the customer is 12. On the other hand the agree respondent is 1 and disagree respondent is 17. Most of the respondents represent disagree with this statement. So the customers are not satisfied with the promptness of employee at Dhanmondi Branch of MBL. Page 38 of 53 6. 7 Employees of MBL show sincerity when customers face problem.Figure no. 6. 1. 6 In this above figure, most of the respondents represent disagree with this statement. So, Employees of MBL should increase their sincerity. Page 39 of 53 6. 8 Are you satisfied with the service of MBL? Figure no. 6. 1. 7 In this above figure, most of the respondents represent their opinion neutral statement. So MBL should improve their services to satisfy customer needs and demands. Page 40 of 53 6. 9 Employe es of MBL show equal importance to every customer. Figure no. 6. 1. 8 In this above figure, most of the respondents represent their opinion neutral statement.So Employees of MBL should give priority equally to every customer. Page 41 of 53 6. 10 The process of getting service is easy. The procees of getting service is easy disagree nutral agree Frequency 20 10 0 16 5 9 Figure no. 6. 1. 9 This figure shows that the neutral response of the customer is 5. On the other hand the agree respondent is 16 and disagree respondent is 9. most of the respondents represent agree with this statement. So the customers are satisfied with the service delivery of Dhanmondi Branch of MBL. Page 42 of 53 6. 11 Employees of MBL understand specific needs of customer. Figure no. 6. 1. 10In this above figure, most of the respondents represent neutral with this statement. So, employees of MBL should give extra emphasis to understand customer needs. Page 43 of 53 6. 12 Are you all in all satisfied with the qua lity of service of MBL? Figure no. 6. 1. 11 In this above figure, most of the respondents represent neutral with this statement. So employees of MBL should increase their service quality. The 16 number of question show that most of the customer choose MBL for its higher interest rate and forked confinement place Most of the respondent were female the age distance between them is 20 -34 Page 44 of 53SWOT Analysis Condition of scheme through SWOT Analysis Manager should consider several factors when assessing an organizations SWOT analysis presented by extensive competitive environments. Once the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats have been identified, the management team is then in a position to complete the SWOT analysis by drawing a conclusion about the attractiveness (or unattractiveness) of the organization? s current situation and the need for strategic action. Strengths ? The customer can draw whole amount of money at a time. ? Terms and conditions are comparativel y low. Brobdingnagian demand from the customer side. ? In case of loan, the interest is comparatively low. ? On-line banking facilities. ? Provides highest interest rate Strong and experienced for level management. ? They have strong reputation in the market. That means they have a brand image. ? MBL has already achieved a goodwill among the clients that? s helps it to retain valuable clients. Page 45 of 53 Weaknesses ? MTBL has lack of ATM booth. ? Credit proposal evaluation process lengthy. ? Sometimes untrained employee operates the banking activities. ? No substantive use of annual confidential report to reward or to punish Employee.Hence employee becomes in efficient. ? Some untrained employee operates the banking activities. ? The web site of MBL is not more organized, for that some latest data we cannot collect from the web site. ? The relationship between employees is not very satisfied. But it is very essential for an organization. Opportunities ? Regulatory environment fa voring private sector development ? Wide banking network ? The bank provides the better customer service. ? MBL can use this opportunity to train their employees in specific area ? Low service change and commission than other Bank. To expand the branch internet overall the country. Threats ? Increased competition in the market for public deposit ? Bangladesh bank sometimes requires private commercial banks to be abide by such rules and regulation which is not suitable every commercial bank. ? Political instability may hamper the environment of the business society. ? Borrowers are having the tendency to be the defaulter. ? Competitors are arising day-by-day. Page 46 of 53 7. 1 Conclusion From my practical experience, I have reached a concrete conclusion on Mercantile Bank Limited Dhanmondi Branch in a very confident way.I believe that my realization will be in harmony with most of the banking thinkers. It is quite evident that to go on up an effective and efficient banking system to the highest desire level computerized transaction is must. The performance of a Banks today competitive business is important. Just few years ago the number of bank was very small. So the competition was not a strong as its today. Things have changed with the emergence of many new banks now the Customers have option to take the one that the best so the current banking business scenario is simply highly competitive.The performance of Mercantile Bank Limited during the fit twelve years has proved that with strong desire and will power one achieve whatever target he may have. Almost all the leading banks in our country have various Extra facilities in offer for the customers in comparison with other Banks but MBL has succeed in achieving more customer than other competitors. This has been possible only because of strong customer relation and excellent customer service . For Bank general banking is hearts . MBL has emerged as the open of playing key role in the country. Page 47 of 53 7. 2 RecommendationThe Mercantile Bank Limited has achieved success in all sectors and ended up with the highest ever-operating profit, which is much higher than that of preceding year. The profound achievement has been possible because of the able leadership, dedicated and committed service provided by all levels of management and stuff and above all the trust and confidence that our valued client had reposed in us. For Mercantile Bank, the days ahead will see this institution to achieve greater highest of glory. The bank should develop their communication between employee and customer. The decision making process should be more fast.Internal control system should be improved so as to increase the brunch productivity. Physical and technological facilities should increase in evaluating credit proposals and also in monitoring the recovery of advances. Experienced and expert personnel office should be kept within the banks by considering the goal congruence, which will lead to a q uality selection of clients in lending money. Decision making authority should be decentralized to some extent to expedite the lending procedure. The Mercantile Bank Limited has provision for internship program, but it is not well organized.Although the officials are very careful and co-operative with the interns, the authority should be more structured. The bank really uses the Internship program to their advantage by rearranging the whole procedure. Now a day? s world is going very fast. Now most of the banks provide online customer service system. So, in order to compete in the world market they should adopt online banking system. One of the business strategies is promotion. Successful business depends how they can promote their products or services to the customer. To improve the business status, the bank should introduce more promotional programs.The products of deposit and investment should be more diversified and modern. Page 48 of 53 References Kotler, P. (2004), Principles of trade, 10th Edition, Pearson Hall Inc, New Jercy Chapter 7, 8 & 10 (pp 216, 232, 234, 309). Kotler p. & Killer Lane Kavin (2007-2008), market Management, Prentice- Hall Of India Private Ltd, New Dilhi-110001 India, 12th Edition, Chapter 3, 4 & 7 (pp 139, 173, 273, 341, 371, 401, 567, 535) Khan A. R. (2011), General Banking Banking System, 2nd Edition, Islami Bank Tanning & Research honorary society (IBTRA), Bangladesh (pp 68, 69).Retrieved from http//marketingteacher. com/lesson-store/lesson-personal-selling. html, accessed on 05-03-2012 6. 30pm to 8. 00 pm. Retrieved from http//tutor2u. net/business/marketing/promotion. asp, accessed on 05-03- 2012 6. 30 pm to 8. 00 pm. Retrieved from http//tutor2u. net/business/marketing/promotion. asp accessed on 28-01- 2012 07. 45 pm to 12. 00 am. Retrieved from http//www. learnmarketing. net/servicemarketingmix. htm accessed on 05- 04-2012 6. 30 pm to 8. 00 pm. Retrieved from www. mblbd. com accessed on 01-02-2012 09. 00 pm to 01. 00 am.Me rcantile Bank Limited, (2008-2010) Annual Report, Mercantile Bank Limited, 16 Dilkusha commercial area, Dhaka Bangladesh. Zeithaml. A. Valarie (2005), Services Marketing, 4th edition, TATA McGraw Hill Edition, New Delhi, India, Chapter 1, 12 (pp 22,26,27, 60, 62,355,366). Page 49 of 53 Mercantile Bank uses Modern Equipment. Frequency share reasonable Percent cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 5 16. 7 16. 7 16. 7 inert 14 46. 7 46. 7 63. 3 Agree 11 36. 7 36. 7 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 MBL provides services which is not provided by other bank Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 3 10. 10. 0 10. 0 Neutral 14 46. 7 46. 7 56. 7 Agree 13 43. 3 43. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 MBL has friendly environment Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 4 13. 3 13. 3 13. 3 Neutral 10 33. 3 33. 3 46. 7 Agree 14 46. 7 46. 7 93. 3 powerfully agree 2 6. 7 6. 7 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Customer of MBL feels secure transaction. Page 5 0 of 53 Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 4 13. 3 13. 3 13. 3 Neutral 7 23. 3 23. 3 36. 7 Agree 18 60. 0 60. 0 96. 7 Strongly agree 1 3. 3 3. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 MBL provides prompt service to customer.Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 17 56. 7 56. 7 56. 7 Neutral 12 40. 0 40. 0 96. 7 Agree 1 3. 3 3. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Employees of MBL show sincerity when customers face problem. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Strongly disagree 2 6. 7 6. 7 6. 7 Disagree 13 43. 3 43. 3 50. 0 Neutral 12 40. 0 40. 0 90. 0 Agree 3 10. 0 10. 0 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Are you Satisfied with the service of MBL? Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Strongly disagree 2 6. 7 6. 7 6. 7 Disagree 8 26. 7 26. 7 33. 3 Neutral 13 43. 3 43. 3 76. 7 Agree 7 23. 23. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Page 51 of 53 Employees of MBL show equal importance to every customer. Frequency Pe rcent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Strongly disagree 1 3. 3 3. 3 3. 3 Disagree 10 33. 3 33. 3 36. 7 Neutral 18 60. 0 60. 0 96. 7 Agree 1 3. 3 3. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 The process of getting service is easy. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Disagree 9 30. 0 30. 0 30. 0 Neutral 5 16. 7 16. 7 46. 7 Agree 16 53. 3 53. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Employees of MBL understand specific needs of customer. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative PercentValid Disagree 7 23. 3 23. 3 23. 3 Neutral 13 43. 3 43. 3 66. 7 Agree 10 33. 3 33. 3 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Are you totally satisfied with the quality of service of MBL? Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Strongly disagree 2 6. 7 6. 7 6. 7 Disagree 9 30. 0 30. 0 36. 7 Neutral 14 46. 7 46. 7 83. 3 Agree 5 16. 7 16. 7 100. 0 Total 30 100. 0 100. 0 Page 52 of 53 Questionnaire for customer Satisfactions Level of MBL Dhanmondi Branch Dear sir or Madam This is a questionn aire from Northern University Bangladesh to collect data on Customer Satisfactions of Mercantile Bank Limited at Dhanmondi Branch.All the data will be used for academic purposes and will be kept confidential. Please read the following statements which some people agree with and some do not. I would like to know whether you strongly agree(SA), Agree(A), Neutral(N), Disagree(D),or strongly disagree(SD) with each statement. There is no right or wrong answers. Please circle (0) the number that represents your opinion most correctly. SL. Measurement Scale SA A N D SD 01 Mercantile Bank use modern Equipment. 5 4 3 2 1 02 MBL provides service which is not provided by other bank. 5 4 3 2 1 03 MBL has friendly Environment. 5 4 3 2 1 04 Customer of MBL feel & Secure transaction. 4 3 2 1 05 MBL giving prompt service to customer. 5 4 3 2 1 06 Mercantile bank Service is better than other Bank. 5 4 3 2 1 07 Employees of MBL show sincere when customer face problem. 5 4 3 2 1 08 Are you satisfying the service of MBL? 5 4 3 2 1 09 Employee of MBL show equal importance to every customer 5 4 3 2 1 10 The process of getting services is easy. 5 4 3 2 1 11 Employee of MBL is very helpful. 5 4 3 2 1 12 Employee of MBL understand specific need of customers. 5 4 3 2 1 13 The knowledge of the bank? s personnel in answering customer questions properly. 5 4 3 2 1 Page 53 of 53 14 MBL having convenient operating hours. 4 3 2 1 15 Overall I am satisfied with quality of service of the Mercantile bank. 5 4 3 2 1 16. Why you choose MBL for your transaction Personal Information Gender A. Male B. Female Age A. 12-19 B. 20-34 C. 35-39 D. 40-49 E. 50-above Profession i) schoolchild ii) Business iii) Teacher iv) Service Holder v) Other Income i) less than 5000 ii) 10000-25000 iii) 25000-40000 iv) 40000-60000 v) 60000-80000 vi) above 80000 Contact Info Address Mob